Sequence of Tenses in English
Правило согласования времен запрещает использовать в придаточном предложении формы настоящего и будущего время, если в главном предложении сказуемое выражено глаголом в одном из прошедших времен.
В таблице показано, каким образом обычно изменяются времена при переходе от прямой речи к косвенной.
| № | Прямая речь | Косвенная речь |
|---|
| 1 |
Present Simple ("I live") |
Past Simple (He said he lived) |
|---|
| 2 |
Present Contin. ("I am living") |
Past Contin. (He said he was living) |
|---|
| 3 |
Present Perfect ("I have lived") |
Past Perfect (He said he had lived) |
|---|
| 4 |
Present Perfect Contin.("I have been living") |
Past Perfect Contin. (He said he had been liveng) |
|---|
| 5 |
Past Simple ("I lived") |
Past Perfect (He said he had lived) |
|---|
| 6 |
Past Contin. ("I was living") |
Past Perfect Contin. (He said he had been living) |
|---|
| 7 |
Going to (Future) ("I am going to live") |
Was going (He said he was going to live) |
|---|
| 8 |
Will Future ("I will live") |
Would (He said he would live) |
|---|
| 9 |
Can ("I can live") |
Could (He said he could live) |
|---|
| 10 |
May ("I may live") |
Might (He said he might live) |
|---|
| 11 |
Must ("I must live") |
|
|---|
| № | Прямая речь | Косвенная речь |
|---|
| 1 |
Ago |
Previously / before |
|---|
| 2 |
Here |
There |
|---|
| 3 |
Last week |
The previous week |
|---|
| 4 |
Next week |
The following week |
|---|
| 5 |
Now |
Then |
|---|
| 6 |
This |
That |
|---|
| 7 |
Today |
That day |
|---|
| 8 |
Tomorrow (night) |
The next / following day (night) |
|---|
| 9 |
Tonight |
That night |
|---|
| 10 |
Yesterday |
The previous day |
|---|
