Упражнения на настоящее и прошедшее время

I. Определите, с какими  указателями времени следует употребить Past Simple, а с какими - Present Perfect.

1. the day before yesterday;  2. a week ago; 3. in the past; 4. at that time;  5. lately; 6. today; 7. a minute ago; 8. just; 9. since; 10. never; 11. this year;  12. so far;  13.yesterday;  14.just  now;  15.ever; 16.last Wednesday;  17.last night;  18.not yet;  19.up to now; 20.last century; 21.this century.

 

II. Употребите а) Past Simple или б) Present Perfect

1. ... you ever (to visit) ... Hungary? 

2. Our group ... (to tour) Yugoslavia this month. 

3. The film ...  (to produce) a good impression on me. 

4. A  fortnight  ago  the theatre ...  (to produce) a new play.

5. When ... you (to finish) ... school?

6. I ... (to happen) to see John  the other day. 

7. I … (to start) writing my book two years ago.

8. I … (to write) half of it since.

9. We … (to witness) great progress in space research this century.

III. Определите, в правильном ли грамматическом времени употреблен глагол в соответствии с указателем времени.

1. So far  no uniform international policy against terrorism is established.
2. Some of  the city's swimming pools were closed since the end of last summer.
3. From time  to time even the healthiest individual needs to have a complete physical examination.
4. The city council is for some time now considering widening that street.
5. By this time next year, most students will leave school and return home.
6. Up until now, no cure for cancer is found.
7. It has been raining steadily since yesterday.
8. At the  time  of his death,  John Kennedy has still been in his forties.
9.   In the  early  part of the 20-th century, immigrants are coming to America in great numbers.

 Времена Present Simpleи Present  Continuous

При выполнении следующих заданий следует помнить, что ряд глаголов, как правило, не употребляются в длительном времени.  Это глаголы, характеризующие умственную  деятельность: know, realise, suppose, understand, believe, remember, forget, think, assume, consider, expect, agree, mean, doubt и др.;

глаголы эмоций: like, dislike, love, hate, envy, prefer, wish, want, care и др.;

глаголы обладания: have, own, belong, contain и др.;

глаголы чувств: see, hear, smell, taste и др.

Однако многозначность  этих  глаголов не делает это правило абсолютным.

I. Определите, в правильном ли грамматическом времени употреблен глагол.

1. I get up at seven in the morning.
2. I'm liking black coffee.
3. He's speaking three languages.
4. I think Mexico's a beautiful country.
5. Restaurants are staying open late in Spain.
6. We usually eat at one o'clock.
7. He's having a flat near the centre.
8. What are you thinking of Shakespeare?
9. I'm so dirty I need a bath right now.
10. Peter's in the kitchen. He cooks breakfast.
11. What are you thinking about?

 

II. Закончите следующие предложения, употребив каждый глагол дважды: один раз в Present Simple, а другой - в Present Continuous.

have

1. He ______ four cars, all of them  Rolls-Royces.
2. I _______ lunch with my mother tomorrow.

think

1. What ________ you _______ of Stephen Spielberg's latest film?
2. You're day-dreaming. What ___________ you __________ about?

expect

1. I ______  an important phone call from America.  Could you tell me when it comes?
2. I _____  you're  hungry after so much hard work.  Shall I get you something?

appear

1. He _________ to understand what you say to him,  but when you ask him a question, he isn't so sure.
2. Roy Pond  _________  at  Her Majesty's Theatre in the role of King Lear.

smell

1. Something ___________ good in the kitchen. What's cooking?
2. Why __________ you __________ the meat? Do you think it's gone off?

weigh

1. I need to know how much the meat _____ to know  how  long to cook it for.
2. Why _____ you _____ yourself? Do you think you've put on weight?

see

1. I _________ what you mean, but I don't agree.
2. She ________ a solicitor about her aunt's will.

have

1. I usually pick up languages quickly, but I ____ difficulties learning Chinese.
2. He __________ more clothes than a department store.

look

1. It ________  as if it's going to rain. 
2. What are you doing on your hands and knees?  ______ you ______ for  something?

think

1. What _________ you ________ of doing when you leave here?
2. How much ________ you _________ it would cost to fly to Australia?

 

III. Вставьте один из глаголов: hear, listen to, see, look at, watch в правильной форме. С глаголами hear и see часто употребляется can или can't.

1. I have a lovely view from my room. I _________ the whole city.
2. What's Peter doing?  He ________ music in his bedroom.
3. In  winter I like ___________ the photographs of my summer holiday.
4. In the evening I usually __________ the news on television.
5. I find it difficult to sleep because I __________ the  traffic all night.
6. Can you speak  louder?  You're  speaking  so  quietly  that  I _______  you.
7. ____________ that strange man over there! What's he doing?
8. Please __________ what I'm saying. It's very important.
9. A  Where's Maria?
10. B   Over there. She ________ the picture on the wall.
11. Oh dear!  Where are my glasses?  I __________ anything without them.

 

 Present  Simple в придаточных времени и условия

По правилам английской грамматики в придаточных предложениях времени и условия с союзами if,  when, assoonas, until, before, after, whenever, unless и др. вместо будущего времени употребляется соответствующее настоящее время.

 

I. Соедините следующие предложения, используя слова в скобках.

Пример: She'll pay me back. She'll get some money. (as soon as)

                She'll pay me back,  as soon as she gets some money.

1. I'll wait here. You'll get back. (until)
2. Give me a ring. You'll hear some news. (when)
3. The TV programme  will end. I'll do my homework. (after)
4. I'll go to work. I'll have a bath. (before)
5. She'll be in Paris. She'll visit friends. (while)
6. The lesson will end. I'll go home. (as soon as)
7. I won't leave the house. The postman will call. (until)
8. Can you feed the cats? I'll be away. (while)
9. I'll tell you about the holiday. I'll get back. (when)
10. I'll study English. I'll speak it perfectly. (until)

 

Употребление Past Continuous иPast Simple

Повторите случаи употребления Past Continuous и Past Simple по таблице.  В сложно-подчиненных предложениях эти два времени могут использоваться вместе, если

- длительное действие  в  прошлом  прерывается  другим действием  в прошлом: We were playing in the garden when it started to rain.

- действие в прошлом происходит во время другого более длительного прошлого действия или состояния:

While I was working for the Health service I decided to  give  up smoking.

 

I.  Выберите правильное грамматическое время.

Пример: The flight lasted / was lasting three hours.

1. It  was 8.00 in the morning.  A lot of people stood / were standing at the bus stop, waiting to go to work.
2. A magnificent oak tree stood / was standing in the middle of the garden.
3. I studied / was studying politics at university.
4. He studied / was studying the effects of radiation when he  suddenly died.
5. When I woke up this morning it rained / was raining.
6. It rained / was raining every single day of the holidays.
7. I asked him what he thought / was thinking about.
8. I thought / was thinking the play was extremely good.
9. What did you do / were you doing with that electric drill? I was putting up some book shelves in my bedroom.
10. A  What did you do / were you doing with that electric drill? B   I put it back in its box in the tool cupboard.
11. A  What did you do / were you doing before you took  this job? B   Nothing, actually. I only left school a few months ago.
12. A  What did you do / were you doing in my bedroom just now? B   The light was on, so I just went in to turn it off.

 

II. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильное грамматическое время (Past Simple or Past Continuons).

1. I _______ (watch) TV when Mark ______ . (phone).
2. What _____________ (you/do) at the time of the murder?
3. She _____________ (jump) into the river and ___________  (rescue) the drowning boy.
4. I _____ (see) my first baseball game  while  I  _______ (live) in New York.
5. Where __________ (you/go) when you ___________ (get  off)  the train?
6. We  ________  (ring) the police because the neighbours _________ (play) their music too loud.
7. He ____________ (write) the whole composition during the lunch hour.
8. She ___________ (write) to her brother  when  he  ____________  (walk) through the front door.
9. ___________ (you/work) in Spain this time last year? Yes, I ___________ (go) out there in '93.
10. Mum and Dad  ______  (sleep)  when  I  _________ (get) home last night.
11. What _____ (that news reader / say) just then? I don't know. I _______ (not / listen).
12. Someone  ________  (take)  a  photo of me while I ___________ (have) a bath.

 

III. Определите, в правильном ли грамматическом времени употреблены глаголы.

1. The kitchen caught fire while we were having dinner.
2. The sun shone so we decided to go for a walk.
3. I'm afraid I wasn't hearing what you said.
4. Alan read a newspaper when he heard a strange noise.
5. She was knowing she was being followed.
6. The boss walked in while I played a computer game.
7. I was walking home from work when a dog attacked me.
8. He was reading the entire book,  from start to finish,  in two hours.
9. What did you do when you saw someone trying to steal your car?
10. I didn't see the last goal because I looked at the sky at the time.

 

Present Perfectили Past Simple?

I. Поставьте глагол в скобках в правильном времени.

1. Barbara Lively________ (write) a lot of books. She ________ (write) her first fifteen years ago.
2. ______________ you ever ___________ (try) Indian food?
3. I _____  never _____  (be)  to  Japan.  When _____ you _____ (go) there?
4. I  ____________ (live) in London for eight years,  and I don't want to move.
5. He __________ (live) in Oxford for two years, and then in 1995 he _________ (move) to London.
6. We  ____________  (meet) Tim and Maureen three years ago.  How long _________ you _________ (know) them?

II. Вставьте одно из предложенных слов в каждое предложение.

ever, never, for, since, already,  just,  yet

1. He's worked  there many  years, 1986, I believe.
2. I have loved anyone as much as I love you.
3. We've known Paul two years. Have you met him?
4. I've  known  him we went to school together,  but I've met his parents.
5. We have sold two hundred tickets and there is still a month to go before the concert.
6. I have visited New York. I’m looking forward to going.
7. Have you thought of learning to fly?
8. I have received my exam result. It came ten minutes ago.
9. Janet hasn’t finished with the camera. She needs it tomorrow. 

III. Задайте вопросы, используя глаголы в соответствующем  времени.

1. How long __________ you __________ (live) in your town?
2. ___________ you ever __________ (drink) champagne?
3. How many foreign  countries  ___________  you  ___________  (visit)?
4. Where ___________ you _________ (go) on holiday last year?
5. How long ____________ you ____________ (know) your best friend?

 

IV. Употребите глагол в скобке в правильном  времени  (Present Perfect или Past Simple).

1. Carlos _______ (come) to London before Christmas. When he ________ (arrive), he ________ (go) to stay with some friends. He  _________  (be)  in London for several months, and he's going to stay until the autumn.
2. A  I'm looking for Susan. ___________ you ___________ (see) her?

           B  I _____  (see) her yesterday, but not today. _______  you ________ (look)  in the coffee bar?

            A  Yes.  I  ___________ (go) there before I _____________(ask)  you.

      3. A  John,  you  know I ____________ (borrow) your bicycle last night. Well, I'm afraid I ____________ (lose) it.

          B  That's  awful! Where ______ you _______ (go)?  What time ______ it   ______ (happen)?

          A  Well,  I ________ (leave) your house at 8.00,  went home  and _________ (chain) it outside my house. Someone must have taken it during the night.  I ________ (phone) the police, and they're coming soon.

 

V. Закончите предложения, соединяя строчку из колонки А со строчкой из колонки В.

1. A   a) Jane's angry because.

      b) Anne's disappointed because.

      c) Julie's excited because.

      d) Kate's jealous because.

      e) Mary's worried because.

1.  B   1) she hasn't heard from her parents for a long time, and hopes they're all right.

       2) she's just seen someone in the kind of car that she wants to buy.

       3) her boyfriend  hasn't  arrived  and they're already late for the party.

       4) she's just won first prize in a competition.

       5) she's had to cancel her holiday, and she was so looking forward to it.