|
Тип |
Образование |
Пример |
|---|---|---|
| Zero conditional |
if +Present Simple, Present Simple in the main clause (used to talk about general truths or scientific facts) |
If you heat water, it boils. |
| Type 1 Conditional |
If + Present tenses, Future / Present Continuous, Imperative in the main clause (used to talk about actions likely to happen in the present or future) |
If you go shopping today, buy me some eggs. If you haven't finished before noon, we won't be able to catch the one o'clock train. |
| Type 2 Conditional |
If + Past Simple / Continuous, would + bare infinitive in the main clause (used to talk about something untrue in the present or unlikely to happen in the future). Type 2 Conditional is also used to give advice. |
Unless you passed the test, you wouldn't get a driving license. If I were you, I'd try to find another job. (Note were can be used in all persons instead of was). |
|
Type 3 Conditional |
If + Past Perfect, would +have + past participle in the main clause (used to talk about an imaginary situation contrary to the facts in the past. It is also used to express regret criticism) If can be omitted in if-clauses. In this case should conditionals type 1) were (conditionals type 2) and had (conditionals type 3) come before the subject. |
If he had told us he was coming over, we would have prepared something to eat. 1. If you should see her, ask her to come to the party – Should you see her, ask her to come the party. 2. If I were you, I wouldn't pay anything. – Were I you, I wouldn't pay anything. 3. If I had had the money, I would have bought the car. – Had I had the money, would have bought the car. |
| № | Правила | Пример |
|---|---|---|
| 1 |
I wish (in only) + past tense: wish/regret about a present situation we want to be different. |
I wish I were thinner. (It's a pity I am not) Note that were can be used in all persons instead of was. |
| 2 |
I wish (in only) + could + bare infinitive: wish / regret in the present concerning lack of ability. |
I wish I could fly an aeroplane. (but I can't) |
| 3 |
I wish (in only) + past perfect: regret that something happened or didn't happen in the past. |
I wish I hadn't eaten so much at dinner. (but I did) |
| 4 |
I wish (in only) + subject+ would + bare inf. – wish for a future change unlikely to happen or wish to express dissatisfaction |
I wish you would stop biting your nails. |
| 5 |
I wish (in only) + inanimate subject + would + bare inf. – used to express the speaker's disappointment or lack of hope. |
I wish it would get warmer (but I'm afraid it won't). |
